Art deco

    

 

--terracota

(1920-1930)
Art Deco is an artistic design style that began in paris.  It influenced all the ares of design including interior and industrial design and especially in architecture. It also influenced the area in visual arts including painting, film and graphic arts. The Terracota Sunburst design was one of the most popular art in art deco.

International Architecture

This style of Architecture emerged in 1920's-1930's. Some of the  pioneers of  this style that I know are Ludwig Van Der Rohe  and Le Corbusier,. The origin of the term comes from the name of a book by Henry- Russel Hitchcock and Philip Johnson. The reason why it is called International because of  that the design solution of this style were indifferent to site, location and climate.  These are the defining features of this style;   Simple geometric forms, asymmetrical, series of volumes, concrete and steel construction with a nonstructural skin, cylindrical surfaces etc,,... I really like this kind of  style in architecture.. It is really far from the old styles.. It was very modern and it somehow describes that the world is really progressing...

I wanna be like them someday!!!!

The Architects

Charles-Édouard Jeanneret- known as Le Corbusier.. He is one of the great architect in the world.He was not only a swiss architect but also an urbanist, a designer, painter and a writer. He was born on October 6,1887 and died on August 27,1965. I admire him because he is one of the pioneers of the modern architecture. In his time he manage to built a building that contains different modern technology and equipments. It is for the people to perform their works easier and faster. Some of his famous works are  the Villa Savoye and the Notre dame..
 
 Villa Savoye

                                                                       Notre Dame




Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe - He was also one of the greatest architect in the world. A german architect who was born on March 27,1886 and died on August 17, 1969. He was also one of the pioneers of the modern architecture along with Le Corbusier and Walter Gropius. "Skin and bone";he said to his buildings. He is associated with the" less is more" and "God is in the detail." I like him because of his style . Something like a minimalist.
 Some of his works are the ff:

     Frank Llyod Wright - His real name is Frank Lincoln Wright. He was born on June 8,1867 and died on April 9,1959. He was an american architect , a designer, an educator and a writer. He authored 20 books and many articles. I also love wright because he's a nature lover.. :) He promoted the organic architecture. One of his masterpiece is gthe falling water. It is very beautiful and very associated with nature. I really hope someday I can create like that . "The Falling Water".He was recognized by the American Institute of Architects as"The Greatest American Architect of all Time" in 1991.

                                                                    Falling Water



     Louis Sullivan- "father of the skycraper" because he was the creator of skycraper. Like Wright he was an American architect. Born on September 3, 1856 and died on April 14, 1924
He was a mentor to Frank lloyd wright and a critic and an influential architect of school in Chicago. His  mother was a Swiss and his father was an Irish. He was being fascinated with the buildings that led him to become an architect.

Look at this..
 Louis Sullivan's Idea:

^{These are the architects that i really admire. How I wish I have a brilliant mind just like them...........}

Industrial Revolution

 (18th century)

 

( Watt steam engine-fuelled by coal )

A major major change in mining, agriculture, transportation and manufacturing.Technology was very present during this time.

Industrial revolution was a big change that influenced also ever aspects of our lives.  They say it was the turning point of our history. In this era the scenario is there is a mass production.During this time ,it makes people life easier and faster. Why? Because people dont need to do their works manually or could I say "mano-mano". Machine is the one who do their jobs. For example cotton can easily separate their seeds by using the cotton gin.The industrial revolution is a change from hand and home production to factory and machine. The importance of the inventions of spinning and weaving machines that is operated by water power which was now replaced by a steam, is it helps the   increased of America's growth and a modern way of life that gives the opportunity for the  people to start  practicing  the world of modernization.It also change the American society as well as their economy had changed into a modern urban-industrial state.

Colonial houses ""

American colonial
 Since American Colonial is the topic here, I'll start my blog by telling what colonialism is for me. Colonialism shaped our world and even the colonial politics does.It played a big role in making the world way that we know today. Because of the colonialism many discoveries came and  some lead different countries in great tragedies that the world has seen. They say it was a complete disregard of life.
 American Colonial Architecture is a style that associated with the houses,government buildings and churches of the period between 1600 through 19th century. Looking back from their buildings and structures and houses it was very great and I remember most of these when I watch movies. Their houses is similar with that.

        (This is a house which is American Style of Architecture: it is  in Georgian
 Style)







          









This is an example of a dutch colonial house... When you ask me, this is my favourite style and someday I like to have this kind of house..




 

Barococo Architecture (more curves more designs)

     Barroco (which refers to an irregularly shaped pearl).
         source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rococo 

    Well last week the lecture in this period was very short and it seemed not enough for me to learn and understands all the things about this era. But I'll share some of  the things I have learned.

    Baroque Architecture is characterized as ornate and curving decorations. Architectural concerns for light, shade and color, sculptural values and the  intensity are  characterized by the Baroque Architecture. The term baroque is used to described a building style of the Baroque era. The characteristics of these are large scale ceiling, frescoes.  Baroque buildings have these features such as complicated shapes, large curves forms, twisted columns and  high domes. One good example that may considered is  Baroque architecture is Michaelangelo's late Roman building which is St. Peter's Basilica.

   On the other hand, The word Rococo is a combination of the French rocaille, that means stone, and coquilles, that means  shell. It is due on these objects as motifs of decoration. Rococo was referred  as " Late Baroque"in  the 18th century which developed as Baroque artists who gave up their symmetry. And it became ornate and playful.  Rococo was entirely an interior design and it is the first to  developed  the decorative arts.

"Rebirth or Revival"

                                   Renaissance,- from ri- again and nascere be born
                                                  Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance
                                                                                 
 
     RENAISSANCE-(: column, round arch and domes) the term revival  is given to an era  of having their achievement in terms of their culture  spanning centuries. This idea  lies at the heart of all the achievements in renaissance; scholars, artists, scientists and architects believed that the way to greatness and illumination was through the study of ancient romans and greek. 
    The expressions of the renaissance spirit can be seen in sculptures, paintings and architecture of the period. Well it was one of the most colorful, vital, and exciting times in  our history. During this era, Martin Luther was popular and was  known because of his 95 thesis.This was very controversial during this period. By this time church  played again a big part. The thesis were used by Martin Luther to display his unhappiness with the church's sale of indulgences and  gave birth to protestantism. The thesis defied  teachings of the church on the matter of penance, the privelage  and the power of the pope. I remember my teacher when I was in high school told me that in that time indulgences were granted in exchange for donations to the church. Because they believe those people who committed sins will be excuse or they may release from all part of suffering coming to them in the purgatory if they will give donations in return,. Well like Luther I am against with that belief. But because in that time pope's were powerful Luther was being punished. 
    On the other hand, Filippo Brunellesci known as the Father of the renaissance period contributed the Florence Cathedral. The cathedral was  characterized as an octagonal drum, pointed profile and double shell. Renaissance is known for its best  artistics developments and the contribution of  the famous  Leonardo da Vinci and Michaelangelo  who inspired the term RENAISSANCE  as MAN.
    This era used 5 orders for their design. THese are Corinthian, Doric, Ionic, Composite and Tuscan.  Renaissance was also sub-devided in three periods.
Early Renaissance- Characterized as simple modular proportion, technological advancements, and designs clarity.
High Renaissance-harmony,clarity and repose.
Mannerism- sophistication, complexity and novelty.  
  

     

Gothic Architecture

   Gothic Architecture is  the evolution of Romanesque Architecture. I really enjoyed studying this architectural period. When I heard the term gothic the things that comes in my mind are something rude and barbaric that associated barbarians,vanadal, inte- renaissance.  This style of architecture was flourished during the high and late medieval period. It was known during the period of the "French style". Gothic architecture is characterized as pointed arches, rib vault and flying buttresses. Buildings and structure have high ceiling, huge arches, bigger windows and flying buttresses.
   I also learned that during this period people on that time have this what they called grandeur. It means scare of bad spirit and a drainage that can prevent stone. Cathedrals in this time could take a lifetime to build. Cathedrals also symbolizes wealthiness. It was built to show power. They wanted people to be abstract and reflect they life to god. It was dramatic and full of emotion.It is in the great churches and cathedrals and in a number of civic buildings that the Gothic style was expressed most powerfully, its characteristics lending themselves to appeal to the emotions.They focused on monasticism. It means that the church have the power during that time. Also , Gothic architecture focuses on height.Because they believe if they do so it shows dramatic effect.
  The way in which the pointed arch was drafted and utilized developed throughout the Gothic period. There were fairly clear stages of development, which did not, however, progress at the same rate, or in the same way in every country. Moreover, the names used to define various periods or styles within the Gothic differs from country to country.
These are the types of pointed arches.  Lancet, equilateral, flamboyant and depressed.
 
The Depressed or four-centred arch is much wider than its height and gives the visual effect of having been flattened under pressure. Its structure is achieved by drafting two arcs which rise steeply from each springing point on a small radius and then turn into two arches with a wide radius and much lower springing point.
The flamboyant Arch is one that is drafted from four points, the upper part of each main arc turning upwards into a smaller arc and meeting at a sharp, flame-like point. These arches create a rich and lively effect when used for window tracery and surface decoration. The form is structurally weak and has very rarely been used for large openings except when contained within a larger and more stable arch.
Many Gothic openings are based upon the equilateral form. In other words, when the arch is drafted, the radius is exactly the width of the opening and the centre of each arch coincides with the point from which the opposite arch springs. This makes the arch higher in relation to its width than a semi-circular arch which is exactly half as high as it is wide.
The simplest shape is the long opening with a pointed arch known in England as the lancet. Lancet openings are often grouped, usually as a cluster of three or five. Lancet openings may be very narrow and steeply pointed.

Romanesque Architecture

      Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of medieval europe. It is characterized by semi-circular arches unlike Gothic style which is characterized by pointed arches. There is no consensus for the beginning date of Romanesque Architecture but researches said that the beginning ranges from 6th to 12th century.  It is known by its massive quality, its thick walls,round arches, sturdy piers,groin vaults,large towers and decorative arching.I also notice that the building has its clear forms and a symmetrical plan that makes the appearance looks simple unlike the Gothic architecture.
     Many castles were built in this period but are greatly outnumbered by churches. Churches are characterized as monumental and small. It is mostly made up of bricks,granite,stones and limestones

Swiss manuscript -

PLAN OF SAINT GALL

.The general impression given by Romanesque architecture, in both ecclesiastical and secular buildings, is one of massive solidity and  strength. 


    Walls- The walls of Romanesque buildings are often of massive thickness with few and comparatively small openings. They are often double shells, filled with rubble.
    Piers-were often employed to support arches. They were built of masonry and square or rectangular in section, generally having a horizontal moulding representing a capital at the springing of the arch.
   Columns- are an important structural feature of Romanesque architecture. Colonnettes and attached shafts are also used structurally and for decoration.
    There are different types of column: Salvage column
                                                        Drum column
                                                        Hollow core column
     I can say that Romanesque architecture really influenced the world.