Barococo Architecture (more curves more designs)

     Barroco (which refers to an irregularly shaped pearl).
         source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rococo 

    Well last week the lecture in this period was very short and it seemed not enough for me to learn and understands all the things about this era. But I'll share some of  the things I have learned.

    Baroque Architecture is characterized as ornate and curving decorations. Architectural concerns for light, shade and color, sculptural values and the  intensity are  characterized by the Baroque Architecture. The term baroque is used to described a building style of the Baroque era. The characteristics of these are large scale ceiling, frescoes.  Baroque buildings have these features such as complicated shapes, large curves forms, twisted columns and  high domes. One good example that may considered is  Baroque architecture is Michaelangelo's late Roman building which is St. Peter's Basilica.

   On the other hand, The word Rococo is a combination of the French rocaille, that means stone, and coquilles, that means  shell. It is due on these objects as motifs of decoration. Rococo was referred  as " Late Baroque"in  the 18th century which developed as Baroque artists who gave up their symmetry. And it became ornate and playful.  Rococo was entirely an interior design and it is the first to  developed  the decorative arts.

"Rebirth or Revival"

                                   Renaissance,- from ri- again and nascere be born
                                                  Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance
                                                                                 
 
     RENAISSANCE-(: column, round arch and domes) the term revival  is given to an era  of having their achievement in terms of their culture  spanning centuries. This idea  lies at the heart of all the achievements in renaissance; scholars, artists, scientists and architects believed that the way to greatness and illumination was through the study of ancient romans and greek. 
    The expressions of the renaissance spirit can be seen in sculptures, paintings and architecture of the period. Well it was one of the most colorful, vital, and exciting times in  our history. During this era, Martin Luther was popular and was  known because of his 95 thesis.This was very controversial during this period. By this time church  played again a big part. The thesis were used by Martin Luther to display his unhappiness with the church's sale of indulgences and  gave birth to protestantism. The thesis defied  teachings of the church on the matter of penance, the privelage  and the power of the pope. I remember my teacher when I was in high school told me that in that time indulgences were granted in exchange for donations to the church. Because they believe those people who committed sins will be excuse or they may release from all part of suffering coming to them in the purgatory if they will give donations in return,. Well like Luther I am against with that belief. But because in that time pope's were powerful Luther was being punished. 
    On the other hand, Filippo Brunellesci known as the Father of the renaissance period contributed the Florence Cathedral. The cathedral was  characterized as an octagonal drum, pointed profile and double shell. Renaissance is known for its best  artistics developments and the contribution of  the famous  Leonardo da Vinci and Michaelangelo  who inspired the term RENAISSANCE  as MAN.
    This era used 5 orders for their design. THese are Corinthian, Doric, Ionic, Composite and Tuscan.  Renaissance was also sub-devided in three periods.
Early Renaissance- Characterized as simple modular proportion, technological advancements, and designs clarity.
High Renaissance-harmony,clarity and repose.
Mannerism- sophistication, complexity and novelty.  
  

     

Gothic Architecture

   Gothic Architecture is  the evolution of Romanesque Architecture. I really enjoyed studying this architectural period. When I heard the term gothic the things that comes in my mind are something rude and barbaric that associated barbarians,vanadal, inte- renaissance.  This style of architecture was flourished during the high and late medieval period. It was known during the period of the "French style". Gothic architecture is characterized as pointed arches, rib vault and flying buttresses. Buildings and structure have high ceiling, huge arches, bigger windows and flying buttresses.
   I also learned that during this period people on that time have this what they called grandeur. It means scare of bad spirit and a drainage that can prevent stone. Cathedrals in this time could take a lifetime to build. Cathedrals also symbolizes wealthiness. It was built to show power. They wanted people to be abstract and reflect they life to god. It was dramatic and full of emotion.It is in the great churches and cathedrals and in a number of civic buildings that the Gothic style was expressed most powerfully, its characteristics lending themselves to appeal to the emotions.They focused on monasticism. It means that the church have the power during that time. Also , Gothic architecture focuses on height.Because they believe if they do so it shows dramatic effect.
  The way in which the pointed arch was drafted and utilized developed throughout the Gothic period. There were fairly clear stages of development, which did not, however, progress at the same rate, or in the same way in every country. Moreover, the names used to define various periods or styles within the Gothic differs from country to country.
These are the types of pointed arches.  Lancet, equilateral, flamboyant and depressed.
 
The Depressed or four-centred arch is much wider than its height and gives the visual effect of having been flattened under pressure. Its structure is achieved by drafting two arcs which rise steeply from each springing point on a small radius and then turn into two arches with a wide radius and much lower springing point.
The flamboyant Arch is one that is drafted from four points, the upper part of each main arc turning upwards into a smaller arc and meeting at a sharp, flame-like point. These arches create a rich and lively effect when used for window tracery and surface decoration. The form is structurally weak and has very rarely been used for large openings except when contained within a larger and more stable arch.
Many Gothic openings are based upon the equilateral form. In other words, when the arch is drafted, the radius is exactly the width of the opening and the centre of each arch coincides with the point from which the opposite arch springs. This makes the arch higher in relation to its width than a semi-circular arch which is exactly half as high as it is wide.
The simplest shape is the long opening with a pointed arch known in England as the lancet. Lancet openings are often grouped, usually as a cluster of three or five. Lancet openings may be very narrow and steeply pointed.